Postpartum depression

Sexual intercourse, conception, gestation and childbirth are situations that are emotionally intense and unique and there is no doubt about that. But what happens after birth? What are the post-natal consequences and even complications on the mother's psyche and how far can they go?

Why we often hear about postpartum depression and what it really is

Postpartum depression (PPD) usually occurs in the first 3 months after childbirth. It is estimated that up to 20% of new mothers may develop it, and its symptoms and clinical presentation are very similar to that of major depression. It includes features such as emotional sensitivity, sleep disturbances, anxiety, crying, malaise, reduced appetite for food and entertainment, hypochondriac-type anxieties, and difficulties in concentration and attention.
Among the factors responsible for the development of postpartum depression it is worth mentioning

Difficult childbirth, elements of neuroticism in the mother's personality, the possible existence of mental illness, an unsatisfactory marriage, dysfunctional relationships with the spouse, the state of health of both the infant and the mother, as well as a number of endocrine disorders, i.e. changes in the levels of certain hormones such as progesterone and prolactin.

But when should we be concerned and take therapeutic measures?

Certainly from the moment the mother's functionality is affected. When, in addition to the above symptoms, we have the presence of remorse, guilt and self-blame, feeding disorders, but also inadequate care of the newborn, then clearly we should intervene. After all, there is also the possibility (relatively small) that the mother may take destructive actions towards the baby or that she herself may display self-destructive behaviour. Especially when she is alone, without the presence and support of her husband or parents, the situation becomes even more difficult and the need for intervention even more acute.

How is postpartum depression treated?

Initially, these mothers are asked to communicate their problem and express what they are feeling. To the husband, to friends, to the doctor, to the psychologist. Such a diagnosis is not frightening and we should not let it scare us. It has to do with a condition that many women experience, and the prognosis is usually good.

About the others involved in such a situation:

If your wife/daughter/daughter-in-law/sister-in-law is diagnosed with postpartum depression, do not panic. Anxiety and distress are not the best allies in such a situation. Help with practical matters and with the details such as household chores, changing and feeding the baby. Give the mother space and time to talk freely and comfort herself. Support her with kind and upbeat words, but also in practical ways.

Finally, in the worst-case scenario where pharmacotherapy may be needed, it should be stressed that antidepressants prescribed for such cases are relatively safe with minimal and negligible side effects, and can usually be taken even during breastfeeding.

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